Spanish Nouns of Ambiguous Gender

Nearly all nouns in Spanish can be placed in one of two categories — masculine and feminine. However, there are some words of ambiguous gender that dont fit quite so neatly. Of course, some words, such as names of many occupations, are masculine when they refer to men and feminine when they refer to women, as in el dentista for the male dentist and la dentista for the female dentist. And there are some nouns whose meanings vary with gender., such as el cometa (comet) and la cometa (kite). However, there are also words that, for whatever reason, havent been firmly established as being of one gender or the other. List of Common Gender-Ambiguous Nouns Following are the most common of these words. Where just el or la appears before the word, it is the gender that is viewed most widely as correct, and the gender that should be learned by foreigners. Where both appear, either gender is widely accepted, although the most commonly used gender is listed first. Where no gender is listed, the usage depends on region. la acnà © — acne el anatema — anathema el arte — art — The masculine is used when arte is singular, but the feminine is often used in the plural, as in artes bellas (fine arts). el autoclave — sterilizer el azà ºcar — sugar — Although azà ºcar is a masculine word when standing alone, it is often used with feminine adjectives, as in azà ºcar blanca (white sugar). la babel — bedlam el calor — heat — The feminine form is archaic. la/el chinche — small insect el cochambre — dirt el color — color — The feminine form is archaic. el cutis — complexion la dote — talent la/el dracma — drachma (former unit of Greek currency) la duermevela — brief, light, or interrupted sleep — Compound nouns formed by joining a third-person verb and a noun are nearly always masculine. However, the ending apparently has influenced usage of this word toward the feminine. el enema — enema los herpes — herpes la/el Internet — Internet — The general rule is that nouns imported from other languages are masculine unless theres a reason for making them feminine. In this case, the feminine is often used because the word for a computer network (red) is feminine. el interrogante — question la Janucà ¡ — Hanukkah — Unlike the names of most holidays, Janucà ¡ is usually used without a definite article. el/la lente, los/las lentes — lens, glasses la libido — libido — Some authorities say that libido and mano (hand) are the only Spanish nouns ending in -o, other than shortened forms of longer words (such as foto for fotografà ­a and disco for discoteca, or occupational words, such as la piloto for a female pilot), that are feminine. However, libido  is often treated as masculine. la/el linde — boundary el mar — sea — Mar is usually masculine, but it becomes feminine in some weather and nautical usages (such as en alta mar, on the high seas). el/la maratà ³n — marathon — Dictionaries list maratà ³n as masculine, but feminine usage is almost as common, perhaps because maratà ³n is associated so closely with carrera (competitive race), which is feminine. el/la mimbre — willow la/el pelambre — thick hair el/la prez — esteem, honor la/el pringue — grease radio — radio — When it means radius or radium, radio is invariably masculine. When it means radio, it is feminine in some areas (such as Spain), masculine in others (such as Mexico). el reuma — rheumatism sartà ©n — frying pan — The word is masculine in Spain, feminine in much of Latin America. la testuz — forehead of an animal la tilde — tilde, accent mark el tizne — soot, stain el tortà ­colis — stiff neck la treponema — type of bacteria — Like some other words of limited medical usage, this word is feminine according to dictionaries but usually masculine in actual use. el trà ­pode — tripod la/el vodka — vodka la/el web — web page, web site, World Wide Web — This word may have entered the language as a shorter form of la pà ¡gina web (web page), or it may be feminine because red (another word for the Web, or a computer network in general) is feminine. el yoga — yoga — Dictionaries list the word as masculine, but the ending has led to some feminine usage. Key Takeaways A few dozen Spanish nouns are of ambiguous gender, meaning they can be either masculine or feminine without any difference in meaning.The nouns of ambiguous gender are distinguished from nouns of variable gender, whose genders vary with meaning or whether the noun refers to a male or female.A disproportionate number of the gender-ambiguous nouns are words with primarily scientific, technical, or medical usage.

Ethics and Morality - 3604 Words

Abstract The paper delves into the topic of ethics and morality. It would try to understand the concept of ethics and morality and the difference between the two concepts. In the paper I would analyse what motivates human behaviour and choices and why those choices can never always be moral and ethical. I will analyse some ethical and moral theories that provide guidelines for ethical human behaviour and critically assess them with the aid of real life examples, to determine whether it is possible to have universally applicable rules that help humans to decide if a decision requires ethical/moral considerations or not. The paper would aim to prove that it is the needs of humans which may be at times materialistic and at other times†¦show more content†¦2006). But decision making is rarely an easy process. In our lives, we face situations where we have to take decisions to achieve some desired objective(s) with minimum negative consequences. Decision making becomes even more complicated when our needs are in conflict with each other. Humans have broadly two categories of needs which guide their decisions, viz. deficiency needs associated with physiological needs, which are determined by life processes, like survival, reproduction, nourishment etc, and growth needs associated with psychological needs which are outside the life processes and differentiate humans from other creatures, like creativity, spontaneity, self actualization etc. (Maslow, 1943). Schlozberg in his essay analysed that according to Arendt, our needs of life and the life process are fulfilled through ordinary decision making which is rational in nature. As the number of the ordinary decisions that need to be made in our daily lives are so large, our mind often takes them in a routine and habitual manner, through the aids of customs and habits (cited in Schlozberg n.d.). The way individuals will greet each other, their behaviour towards their seniors etc are examples of some of the decisions which are taken without a thought to any values that we may cherish. But, ordinary decisionShow MoreRelatedEthics, Morality, And Morality2531 Words   |  11 PagesEthics and morality may initially seem to be interchangeable words used to describe a code of conduct that society should follow in order to make informed decisions. However, they are in fact two separate entities that exist as individual codes of conduct, yet share a symbiotic relationship in decision making. Eth ics can be described as the rules of behavior and demeanor as established by society, a certain sociological group of people, or a religion. Consequently, due to the nature of ethics, theyRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Morality1478 Words   |  6 PagesEthics Paper In my organization, the ethical system used is egoism. 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Actually, morals is a matter of discipline that tellingRead MoreThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality1307 Words   |  6 PagesThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality: The use of the words ethics and morality are often confused with each other especially these are commonly used in Philosophy and other related fields. This paper will discuss the distinction between these two concepts. According to Gammel (2007), the difference between the terms morality and ethics has a very thin line particularly in the daily language. Adding to this confusion is that other philosophical resources and materials use the terms interchangeablyRead MoreEthics and Morality Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesEthics and Morality Is it immoral for a person to write lies on his/her resume? This question poses many questions in its self. How fictitious is the lie, what are you lying about, what could be the consequences of this lie and whom and how will this lie affect the people involved? How would John Stuart Mill answer this question? Mills general position seem to be that one should do what will produce the most happiness, pleasure and with the absence of pain. With this in mind for one to

Applying Legal and Ethical Parameters to Nursing Practice

Question: Discuss about the Applying Legal and Ethical Parameters to Nursing Practice. Answer: Introduction: A Resident in your Nursing home has not had his bowels open for 6 days, and is prescribed a rectal suppository for the constipation. He has a distended abdomen, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and nausea. He refuses the suppository, stating that he believes it is something more serious than constipation. How would you react in such a situation? I would explain to the patient that she is suffering from constipation since he is showing all the symptoms of constipation, for example, six days of no bowel movement, abdominal pain, nausea, loss of appetite as well as distended abdomen. I would explain to him that rectal suppository is the fastest way to ensure that his constipation problem is taken care of (Blais Hayes, 2011). Discuss what your ethical and legal responsibilities are in such a situation. It is my ethical responsibility to ensure that I treat the patient as fast as possible so that the pain he is undergoing can subsidize. It is also my responsibilities to listen to the patients complaints and take the necessary measures to address them to the best of my ability (Blais Hayes, 2011). An elderly lady with dementia has given you a gold colored bracelet with large colored stones set in it, as a gift for your care. What would you do in such a situation? Patients who suffer from dementia tend to have impaired reasoning, therefore, I would not accept the gift since the old lady may not be in her right mind when handing out the gift (Blais, Hayes, 2011). Discuss this from the aspect of the legal and ethical view. Legally a medical professional is not allowed to accept gifts from a patient. this is primarily because accepting gifts crowd the medical professionals judgment, therefore, he or she may end up showing preferential treatment to the patients who have given him or her gifts and neglecting the others who are not able to hand out gifts to her or him. As far as ethics are concerned, the patient in question is suffering from dementia which is a condition that affects the brain. This, therefore, means that each and every decision that the patient makes should be carefully scrutinized since it giving out the gift may be the will of the patient but the influence of the disease making her make impaired decisions. Accepting such a small token of appreciation for the care given to the patient is not wrong but gifts of high value like a gold colored bracelet with stones raise contractual and ethical issues. The family insists that you accept the gift what would be your action in this situation? I would accept explain to them that it is not good for doctors to accept high-value gifts from patients. I would also sincerely thank them for the gesture and willingness to give assuring them that I would continue to take care of the old woman with a lot of love just like before (Helm, Lippincott Wilkins, 2003). Open disclosure is the process of open discussion with a patient, and or their family/support person about an incident(s) that resulted in harm to that patient while they were receiving health care. Australian Open Disclosure Framework: better communication a better way to care. The Review to the above document. https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Australian-Open-Disclosure-Framework-Feb-2014.pdf What are the categories of error that are reviewed in cases where Open Disclosure is warranted? Give 3 (three) examples for each category. The first category is Harm from Natural disease progression for example treatment of cancer, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease turns out to be unsuccessful. The second category is Clinical incident examples being a drug overdose, drug underdose and delay in treatment. The third is Patient harm, examples being wrong dose medication, delay in treatment as well as poor clinical coordination issues (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, 2013). What is the purpose of Open Disclosure? The purpose of the open disclosure is to apologize to the patient and the family members of the patient and guarantee them that measures are being taken to ensure that the error will not be repeated again (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, 2013). When should this process commence and when should changes, if any, occur? Immediately an incident that warrants open disclosure occurs, then the process should commence. Changes should occur after proper investigations are done. Coronial inquests, the role of the coroner and giving evidence as an Enrolled nurse has subtle differences dependant on where you reside in Australia and the state or territory that you are practicing in. Based on the state or territory that you are undertaking your Enrolled Nurse training, complete the following questions Describe the role of coronial inquests and the circumstances in which these are carried out? The role of coronial inquests is to ensure that all deaths, suspected deaths as well as fires are properly and exhaustively investigated. Colonial inquests are carried out in an instance where there is reasonable suspicion that someone has died an unnatural death (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, 2013). What is the role of the coroner? A coroner is tasked with the responsibility of investigating violent, sudden as well as suspicious deaths (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, 2013). What are the expectations of an Enrolled Nurse, should you be called upon to provide evidence at a coronial inquest? The enrolled nurse is expected to give evidence about the circumstances surrounding the death of a patient. The enrolled nurse should give factual information at all times during the whole process (Stevens, Harkin, Pay, TAFE South Australia, 2008). References Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. (2013).Australian open disclosure framework: Better communication, a better way to care. Blais, K., Hayes, J. S. (2011).Professional nursing practice: Concepts and perspectives. Boston: Pearson. Helm, A., Lippincott Williams Wilkins. (2003).Nursing malpractice: Sidestepping legal minefields. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Stevens, J., Harkin, S., Pay, A., TAFE SA., South Australia. (2008).Diploma of Nursing: HLTEN509A, Apply legal and ethic parameters to nursing practice. Adelaide, S. Aust: DFEEST.

Tungkung langit and alunsina story free essay sample

One of the stories about the creation of the world, which the old people of Panay,especially those living near the mountains, do not tire relating, tells that in the beginningthere was no sky or earth—only a bottomless deep and a world of mist. Everything wasshapeless and formless—the earth, the sky, the sea and the air were almost mixed up. In a word, there was confusion. Then from the depth of this formless void, there appeared two gods, TungkungLangit and Alunsina. Just where these two deities came from, it was known. However, itwas related that Tungkung Langit had fallen in love with Alunsina; and after so manyyears of courtship, they got married and had their abode in the highest realm of theethereal space, where the water was constantly warm and the breeze was forever cool. It was in this place where order and regularity first took place. Tungkung Langit was an industrious, loving and kind god whose chief concernwas how to impose order over the whole confused set-up of things. We will write a custom essay sample on Tungkung langit and alunsina story or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He assumedresponsibility for the regular cosmic movement. On the other hand, Alunsina was a lazy, jealous and selfish goddess whose only work was to sit by the window of their heavenlyhome and amuse herself with her pointless thoughts. Sometimes, she would go downthe housesit down by a pool near their doorsteps, and comb her long, jet-black hair allday long. One day Tungkung Langit told his wife that he would be away from home for some time to put an end to the chaotic disturbances in the flow of time and in theposition of things. However, despite this purpose Alunsina sent the breeze to spy onTungkung Langit. This made the latter very angry upon knowing about it. Immediately after his return from his trip, he called this act to her attention,saying that it was ungodly of her to be jealous, there being no other creature living in theworld except the two of them. This reproach was resented by Alunsina and a quarrelbetween them followed. Tungkung Langit lost his temper. In his rage, he divested his wife of powers anddrove her away. He did not know where Alunsina went; she merely disappeared. Several days after Alunsina had left, Tungkung Langit felt very lonely. Herealized what he had done. Somehow, it was too late to even be sorry about the wholematter. The whole place, once vibrant with Alunsina’s sweet voice, suddenly becamecold and desolate. In the morning when he woke up, he would find himself alone; and inthe afternoon when he came home, he would feel the same loneliness creeping deep inhis heart because there was no one to meet him at the doorstep or soothe the achingmuscles of his arms.

Artificial Intelligence Essays (950 words) - Humanoid Robots

Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence once something that people thought could only come out of science fiction novels and movies. But today that could all change because of a robot called Cog. Cog is an artificial intelligence that it's creators have given a body. He is the future of AI and a new beginning for the field. His creator , Rogney Brooks, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science, thought of creating cog, from inspiration from an artificial intelligence that was depicted in the movie, "2001:A Space Odyssey." In the movie, Hal, the AI, controlled a large space craft. Instead of creating a brain in a box like in the movie, Rodney is putting the mind of a human into the body of a robot. Cog isn't yet a true humanoid robot. Right now he is little more that a head, neck , shoulders, chest and waist. He is perched on a gray steel pedestal bolted to the floor of the Artificial intelligence lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Still no other machine has come closer to the humanoid robots of science fiction. Cog foreshadows the day in which robots will interact normally with us. Cog's creators are trying to do just that. Cog is a very far cry from what HAL was thought, because he has some anatomy. HAL was just basically a brain in a box. What they are trying to accomplish with cog, is to equip a brain with a body, that has sensors so that it can learn about its environment on its own, much like a infant does. Creating a humanoid was a big leap for Brooks. His last venture in to the AI world made a big impression on the artificial-Intelligence community. He created small robots the scurried around like insects. It turns out though, that these small creatures have much in common with Cog. They both do no use the usual AI approach that most other Mobil robots use. These other robots, would have to carry a complete map of the world that the machine will encounter. That would work fine in the lab, Brooks reasoned, but what about the real world with it's vast space and many unfamiliar obstacles. To over overcome this problem, Brooks programmed this little robots with so-called parallel behaviors. He didn't need the all-encompassing maps others used, just simple leg routines, such as up-down and forward-back motions the operate in parallel. On the robot's legs sensors warded of obstacles and triggered these behaviors like reflexes. These machines ran riot in the lab where gradua! te students built new obstacles courses for them every day. The insect like robots managed to conquer all. Cog represents the basic same principal, but a few steps beyond. Brooks plans to take Cog a long way. Right now , Cog is learning how to see, and relate what he sees to his head motion, to be able to know what motion in the world, and what is dew to his head movement. They are letting Cog learn by its self. There are also plans to make ears for cog so that he may learn to hear. They have all ready completed a poly styrene head that is complete with micro-phones and processors. The first step in teaching Cog to hear is to map sensor coordination between the eyes and ears. With the done, when cog hears a sound, he will point his eyes at it, and then if he sees motion, that will reinforce what he just heard with the coordination of the two. Sound will help cog figure out where to look, but he will also be able to separate sounds, like people can do at a noisy cocktail party. These senses will help it to be able to interact with its environment and learn about its own body. What it sees verses what it is doing. There are also plans to give Cog the ability to be able to reach out and touch someone. Right now he has no arms at all. He can lean forwards and sideways at the hips, and turn its head, but that is all at the moment. Williamson, a graduate student on the Cog team, is building Cog's first arm as

The Magic Of Monkey essays

The Magic Of Monkey essays Monkey from the 70s was recently performed, as a play by Grin and Tonic. Writer/director, Bryan Nason manipulated themes and issues, such as self-discovery, family, good against evil and acceptance. The performance used and demonstrated many elements of drama as well especially roles, relationships, space, place, movement and mood. Monkey empowered these elements to create dramatic meaning that accelerated issues and themes. The themes that are evident in Monkey were relevant and gave meaning to the production. Self-discovery was a theme used throughout the play, and especially with the four main characters. Monkey was becoming a menace because all he ever wanted to do was fight and he didnt really care what the consequences were, as long as he was fighting. This was one of the problems that erupted an argument among the group, which broke them up. While they were separated, they all learnt that they need each other because they are not whole without each other. The roles in Monkey were developed very well because they all had purpose and status. The purpose of all the characters was made clear; Monkeys purpose was to get back into heaven. All of the roles in the play were characterised well especially Tripitaka who had the highest status as he had control over Monkey with the ring around Monkeys head. Family is another major theme in the play because when the group became separated they realised who their real family is, and they are ones you love. Monkey, Pigsy, Sandy and Tripitaka had become very emotionally attached to each other throughout their journey without realising it. The relationships were expressed extremely well because we could immediately identify the type of relationships between the characters, such as the relationship between Monkey, Pigsy and Sandy, it became clear that they had become friends by the end of the ...

Therapeutic Horseback Riding and Autism Term Paper

Therapeutic Horseback Riding and Autism - Term Paper Example This paper examines the effects of therapeutic horseback riding as a mode of treating autistic spectrum disorders with a focus on its effect on the physical and behavioral aspect of the child under the treatment program. This study examined the symptoms and behavior associated with autistic spectrum behavior that may change when children suffering from it are placed under the therapeutic horseback riding as an alternative intervention in treating children with autism disorder. In getting the desired results, the research hypothesized whether therapeutic horseback riding is an effective method of treating behavior and symptoms associated with autistic spectrum disorders and the reaction of the children with such disorders. The question as to whether children suffering from autistic spectrum disorder who undergo therapeutic horseback riding report a change in their behavior and physical well-being as compared to the time when they had not undergone the therapy. Therapeutic Horseback Ri ding in Managing Autistic Spectrum Disorder According to a study conducted by Kern et al (2011) amongst forty one children suffering from autism spectrum disorders (ASD), children who participated in the therapeutic horseback riding as a means of treating autism had a reduced Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) as compared to those who did not participate in the program. The study compared participants who either dropped before enrolling in the program while others completed the time under which they were on a waiting list period of three months. Others simply did not enroll in the therapeutic horse-riding program due to reasons or circumstances beyond their... This term paper describes the symptoms of autism, that are unique to individuals and therefore should not be taken as general amongst those suffering from it. However, there are common deficits in the disorder such as delays in the social interaction of individuals, deficits in communication, absence of imagination and repetitive behavior that may go unrecognized by those suffering from the disorder. This term paper states that there is no single mode of treating persons with Autistic Spectrum Disorders nowadays, but there are several ways that have been proposed to suppress the symptoms and capitalize on the experiences and the results, such as therapeutic horseback riding. While there is a disagreement of a known method of treatment for this disorder, animal-assisted programs like therapeutic horseback riding has been proved and adopted as an effective method of treating or curing the autism disorder especially in children as it has demonstrated remarkable improvement in the behavi oral problems and social activity. In conclusion of this term paper, the researcher recommends horseback riding as a therapy for managing autism as it has the overall effect of improving the concentration of the participant, his patience and tolerance and instills confidence in dealing with uncertainties and fears. This term paper also concludes some positive effects of improving communication skills by teaching the rider with ASD how to give instructions and express how he feels.

Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Project - Research Paper Example Time management techniques provide a way to people to get more work done with more efficiency, less mistakes and more accurately. Proper time management helps people save time for their other activities, strong and better relationship, more satisfactory family life and feel less tensed and stressfulness because of workload. These techniques include the following: The first and foremost step in managing time is to be focused. It is not possible to reach your destination without focusing on the way that will lead you to that particular place. A person knowing his target must know about the procedures that may help him in achieving those targets. There are certain techniques that help individuals in keeping their focus on a particular target without distracting their thoughts and actions because of other goals and plans. The first step that may be helpful is to keep the track of things in writing. A person cannot memorize all the necessary stuff, it is always better to write down the vision, goals, assignments, projects, appointments and important occasions. This is the first step in time management as it allows the individual to keep a track of the things which are required to be incorporated in the plans. This also helps the individual to focus on one task at a time and move on to the next one once it is completed. The next step is to identif y which task worth the time you have. In order to manage the time properly, an individual must identify the unnecessary activities which are resulting in the wastage of time. Time is a limiting factor in our lives; hence it must not be wasted but utilized. Moreover, in order to be focused a person must have a strong vision on the outcome of his efforts. This vision of the completed picture of his goal motivates him on putting his best efforts and staying away from the unnecessary and unfruitful activities of his life. People waste a lot of time because of less of no planning. There has to be a balance between family

Multiculturalism Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Multiculturalism - Research Proposal Example Different people have addressed this topic but I have seen it important to address the topic and try to come with a remedy to ensure that people can embrace each other’s cultural diversity. This will also prevent cultural profiling which is common among different people in the society. On the bid to address the issue, many writers have tried to project ways in which people can take advantage of the situation without allowing the division to creep in. According to Clarence Page a contributor in the Chicago Tribune, the way the issue is being addressed in the United States has left more rifts rather than proposing a reconciling strategy. Mathew Lynch writing about multiculturalism in schools notes that it is important to teach students at an early age how to embrace each other’s diversity instead of profiling each other negatively based on their different cultures. He also adds that blending of the different cultures can be both a blessing and a curse according to the way that the issue will be addressed. Bafford adds that there is no harmonized American culture and so the people living there should show high levels of cultural tolerance. Responding to the issue of multiculturalism is the main issue as Valerie, an editor with the Los Angeles Times puts it. Th e education system should therefore address it to ensure that people embrace each other’s uniqueness and different cultural orientation. The research will cover the topic in a different way to address the limitations of the previous researches and come up with a working model for the same. The research should also come up with recommendations and the relationship between multiculturalism and other social aspects that are evident in any given society. The leading question will be on ways to address

Personal Leadership And Management Development Nursing Essay

Personal Leadership And Management Development Nursing Essay This unit is interesting in the sense that it will help develop personal leadership and management skills to support the achievement of personal career goals and organisational objectives. There are three learning outcomes that are expected to achieve upon completing this assignment. First is the analysis of personal leadership and management skills to encourage achievement of organisational objectives. This would include an assessment criterion and analysis of the impact of organisational objectives, values and culture on the leadership and management role. It would entail assessing personal leadership and management skills and identifying personal development. Second is to manage development of personal leadership and management skills to be able to meet organisational objectives. This would mean assessing of opportunities for development of leadership and management skills, constructing and managing personal development of leadership and management skills. And the last is to evaluate the effectiveness of personal development plans to develop management and leadership skills. It is my hope that by being able to discuss task 1 and 2, I would be to learn some aspects of personal leadership and management development that would be helpful in the way I serve the organization I am affiliated. Task 1 To begin with, defining the meaning organization is necessary. Organisation means a social unit of people having a systematic structure. Such organization is managed so as to pursue collective goals or to respond to a need. This is on a continuing basis. For each organisation, there is a set of its own objectives, values and culture on the leadership and management role. An example would be the mission and vision of Lynde House Care Home. It aims at putting quality first in everything they do for the residents and its relatives. The staff members aspire to be the most and successful care providers. Such objective has a big impact on the leadership and management role. The achievement of the said objective in ones own capacity as a leader/ manager is important. Then, what is the role of the leader in attaining these objectives. First and foremost, the leader must raise the awareness of every member of the staff as regards the organisational objectives. There is a need for the leader to understand what and how each individual can contribute to achieving such objectives. Leadership logically needs authority. But it is not an authority which becomes a weapon to control people. As an objective factor, to be a leader, one must have the managerial ability and skill. It is said that the most common skills are technical skills and conceptual skills. Meaning one must have the sufficient knowledge of the organizational objectives and appropriate strategies to implement them. One must be able to understand organizational concepts and to make them comprehensible to the members of the organization. Subjectively, one must have personal qualities as leader like being person-oriented, good motivator, confident in their decisions, etc. One must have the competency for communication being able to respond and to negotiate. Leadership has a major influence in the success of the organization. Leaders bring about the values and culture necessary for changes and innovation within the institution. Thus, they can adapt effective strategies and together with well-motivated employees such strategies will be carried out. Leaders are not only limited to management, that is focusing only execution and control but they can be any level of the organization. If leaders have the ability to motivate positively those around them, especially the vital resource of the organization, the members of the workforce, then the organization will certainly benefit from them. In fact, through this influence of leaders and effectively encouraging the people to a shared vision, the organization can move towards developing its people, its resources and evaluate the clients use their services or interact with them. Leaders can also determine whether or not that experience is beneficial. With leadership playing an important role in the favorable outcome of information centers and clients experiences, it would be helpful to discuss the different types of leaders and their potential impact, for example, on nursing home as an organization. The current leadership theories classify leaders based upon traits or how influence and power are used to attain organizational objectives. For trait-based descriptions, leaders may be autocratic, democratic, bureaucratic or charismatic. If it is to understand leadership from the perspective of the exchange of power and its utilization to secure outcomes, leaders may be situational, transactional or transformational. Grasping the meaning of these different terminologies can help provide a more meaningful discussion on leadership. It is worth mentioning that not all leaders are created equal and leadership quality greatly vary from one organization to another or even just within organization. It is an important aspect in leadership quality evaluation, to be able to identify the leader style of the individual. The leadership style will also gauge how effective the person is in leading the organization realize its goals. At this point, it is necessary to look into some common leadership styles. To understand how leaders style affect the organization and to look for positive benefits as regards some leadership style are also important. Below is a brief description of the different leadership styles. In autocratic type of leadership, the leader dictates everything to be done. Commitment, creativity and innovation are not valued for members are controlled in the sense that they have to do as commanded. It is a do as I say type of leaders who forces the members to perform processes in the organization even services as dictated. The leader of this type generally makes the decision without consulting from the members. Working together for a shared vision or motivating the members do not become part of the style of this leadership. This type of leadership can at times be beneficial for example in crucial military conflicts or in poor organization resulting to an inability to meet deadlines for projects. However, this type of leadership can pose problems to the organization. Since the members are controlled and are not able to contribute their ideas, they become dissatisfied and can even harbor resentment against the leader. When this happens, leadership will fail and the overall perfo rmance of the members will suffer. In order to attain the set goals of the organization, bureaucratic leadership will make clear and intelligible policies. For bureaucratic leaders policies will urge forward execution, strategy, objectives and outcomes. When policies are stated, bureaucratic leaders feel so secure that they can persuade the members to move on through policies. It is the policy that counts instead of the people. Policies directing the procedures and processes to be performed are more important for a bureaucratic leader than motivating and developing people in the workforce. This type of leadership can lead to antagonistic behavior or reserved and remote attitude from the members. But problems having to do with policies may not always be evident until the harm is done. Policies alone are not sufficient to motivate and develop people to commit themselves to achieve organizational goals. Bureaucratic leaders hold policies as primarily decisive that they become indifferent even tend to oppose any complaint s regarding the said policies. Policies are needed for any good organizational management but they must be carefully considered. For lack of due though and care and blindly implemented policy will not give incentive for employees to perform well thus, resulting to frustrated desired outcomes. Both the autocratic and bureaucratic leadership styles lack the capacity to peoples development. It can be noted that there are more negative consequences in these leadership styles rather than something that promotes the well-being of the members or the organization in itself. Democratic leadership is another leadership style in which the members thoughts, ideas or opinions are solicited in the decision-making process. In this style of leadership, the members are more participative, thus, creativity and increase of group morale can be evident. Since members could feel more involved, they can also be more committed to the projects. This may result in higher positive outcomes. However, this leadership style can have setbacks, too. For example, when the members cannot give quality contributions necessary for decision-making, certain projects can fail to move on. It is also hard to build a consensus when democratic leaders expect that everyone share the same level of expertise as regards decisions. For this style of leadership, a great amount of effort is needed thus, decision-making can be a very slow process. Charismatic leadership can be an effective trait-driven leadership style. Charismatic leaders inspires, motivates the members. Not only do they have the clarity of the vision but they have the creativity to encourage the members to execute the said vision. Charismatic leaders have the personality, the capacity and the skill to translate an idea to something new, fresh and different for the good of the organization and can arouse the members to be part of the innovation. This style of leadership may sound the most successful yet, it has some drawbacks. Since the charismatic leader holds the group even attaining a status of a hero, the members can follow blindly and can become passive followers. With this kind of submission, they may allow the leader to manipulate them. If the charismatic leader departs, it can leave a big vacuum in the organization resulting to a confused and rudderless management. The organization can struggle for years for it is hard to replace a charismatic leader. Charismatic leaders can create happy and well-motivated members but rarely gives way for developing future leaders. The trait-based leadership styles such as autocratic leadership, democratic leadership, bureaucratic leadership and charismatic leadership have been discussed. At this point, other types of leadership from the perspective of the exchange of power and its utilization to secure outcomes will be discussed. These are situational leadership, transactional leadership and transformational leadership. Situational leadership refers to a kind of leadership where the leader continuously makes suitable adjustments and adopts various styles for different situations or outcomes. In practice, this kind of leadership is helpful especially for leaders who are experienced for they are highly sensitive to the needs of the organization and its members. This style may work well when members are inexperienced and need some kind of coaching. The leader tells them exactly what to do and how to do it. Leaders responding to situational factors can choose freely from ones experiences of the different processes with the aim of approaching a desired result. But if the leader has applied the inappropriate style, problems can arise. Leadership of this style can be confusing especially when processes and decisions are not consistent. It can be said also that this type of leadership is management rather than leadership per se. Transactional leaders provide clear structure of what is expected of the member of the organization and if one is able to perform it accordingly, a reward is given. Such reward can be in the form of good performance review, a raise, a promotion, new responsibilities or a desired change in duties. Transactional leadership can be effective when working on clear goals and objectives of the organization. The members are also clear of what is expected of them to accomplish such goals. However, if reward becomes the only motivating factor for the followers, creativity among them are less encouraged and it is likely that human development even professionally at a higher level will not be ensured. In transformational leadership, leaders are able to provide opportunities for members of the organization to change and to transform them. Transformational leaders become role models for their knowledge, expertise and vision to change those around them. They have the commitment to the organizations vision and inspire those they lead to work in the same spirit. Since innovation and creativity are valuable factors for transformational leaders, they develop each individual as quality contributors. It is considered as the best leadership for it considers each individuals own evolving thought process and changing responses. They empower the members to give their best, thus, creating a people-based vision within the organization. Even if the leader is no longer present, leaders can come out from the transformed members and are able to continue to help the organization move on to productive outcomes. For environments that are fast-changing and that creative problem solving and customer comm itment become a priority, transformational leadership can be effective. In any leadership, the personality and the behavior of leader are important; any limitation can pose a problem. Each organisation has a culture; meaning the beliefs and values that have existed in an organisation for a period of time. Any organizational culture determines the beliefs and values of the members, thus, such culture has an impact on the attitudes and behaviour of the people in the workforce even to their commitment to customers service. Since the priority concern of administrators is the accomplishment of the organizational mission, there is usually an adjustment as regards leadership behaviour. And depending on the leadership style employed would also determine the job satisfaction of employees. Therefore, the relationship between organisational cultures, leadership behaviour and job satisfaction of employees must be grasped well. The culture within an organisation is very vital. It has an essential role in determining whether there is a happy and healthy environment where the members can perform their work. There is a need to motivate the members to acknowledge and accept the fundamental organizational values, thus, communication and creativity of how to promote those values must be considered. Good relationship between the leadership and followers will create greater contribution to team communication and collaboration. It will also inspire them to accomplish the mission and objectives assigned by the organization. This will certainly enhance job satisfaction among the members. Management in business terms can often mean just doing whatever to keep the organization moving on. If one desires to make ones business to grow, to become more productive and to be more customer-based service, fundamental skills in leadership and management must be well assimilated. Such skills can help to prevent crisis situations. These basic skills include problem solving and decision making, planning, meeting management, delegation, communication and managing oneself. Certainly, they will support the attainment of the organisational objectives. As a leader, one is required to know how to respond to any circumstances that may arise in the organisation. Leadership must understand well the organisational objectives, values and culture. A clear comprehension of the organizational objectives and its culture will help the leader determine the style of leadership to employ. This may need a bureaucratic type of leadership to be able to follow the organisational objectives accordingly. Members of the organization may find such leadership difficult but if the leader can acknowledge the contribution of each individual then the organization will be able to operate well. TASK 2 What is the so-called personal leadership? Personal leadership is not a mere intellectual exercise but rather it is a way of being and interacting with the world from the inside out. It is where the mind, the heart and the body become integrated so that one is fully present in ones life as well as to the things outside himself. One is aware to his habitual behavior and shows willingness to encounter every situation with fresh eyes, with beginners mind. It is this kind of personal and professional commitment that help to become effective in an environment of cultural differences. In personal leadership, one does not merely react from external circumstance but rather one tries to move to an inner experience where discernment of the best possible response can take place. For example when feelings like being frustrated or confused by a situation, the principles of personal leadership will lead one to pause to be able to create the so-called critical space between ones automatic reaction and ones righteous sense of being frustrated or confused. The critical space of being able to pause, no matter even for a moment will lead one to think a better way of saying or doing. This way of reacting shows, indeed, an intercultural competence. Personal leadership is actually leadership of oneself. It takes into account ones own personal experiences, ones own cultural programming and way of acting as one relates with others whether in ones personal or professional life. This way of being brings about quality levels of learning and insight, mutual collaboration and creativity in situations of cultural difference. Leadership and management skills must include an ability to solve problems and make decision; to do planning according to the organizational goals; to know how to delegate responsibilities to people and work load; to be able to communicate; to have meeting management skills; and most importantly to be able to know how to manage oneself. Thus, one must learn the behaviors and attitudes of an effective leader. To be a good leader, one must be able to know ones personal skills. Knowing what one is capable of will help the leader assess in what areas one can better contribute and to work more to improve weak areas. This can be done by having personal skills audit. A skills audit would mean the process which is employed to identify the skill gaps in an organisation. It has to be remembered that the objective of doing a skills audit is to improve ones ability as a leader. To raise the leaders capacity to a more excellent quality, the training needs analysis is vital for this will identify where training is needed. SKILLS AUDIT Skills and work competency areas Self assessment à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ 1 2 3 4 Using and developing my knowledge Researching, investigating and problem-solving Communicating outwardly Listening and interpretation, establishing rapport, understanding needs Developing solutions and agreeing things with people Speaking and presenting to groups Using information and communications technology Decision Making Visioning, creating, and inspiring others with my ideas Managing time, planning, and being effective, efficient, productive, and reliable Behaviours, attitudes and personal style Self assessment à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ 1 2 3 4 Striving for personal development Taking personal responsibility to resolve problems, even those not of my own making Understanding the way people really feel Developing positive relationships Keeping focused and productive, reliable and dependable Self confidence Managing stress and conflict Team-working Having compassion and care for others Managing upwards and sideways (my managerial superiors and my peers). Using integrity and ethics in my judgement about work and organisational issues Rating 4 Very well I feel confident in my ability to use this skill. 3 Satisfactory I am able to use this skill well, but my ability could be improved. 2 Needs attention My ability to use this skill needs to improve. 1 Needs considerable attention I struggle with this skill and need to put in considerable work to develop this skill. After doing the skills audit, the next step would be to plan on how to improve the areas that need most attention. There is always the possibility to develop more my leadership and management skills. This can be done, for example by asking some ideas from ones mentor, by assisting training programs aimed at attaining certain levels of skills and attending some classes offered by the organisation. Personal development planning is a vital process of shaping an action plan based on awareness, values, reflection, goal-setting and planning for personal development within the context of a career, education, relationship or for self-improvement. To construct a personal development plan, one needs to have a clear objective to develop leadership and management skills. Based on my personal skill audit, one objective that I can make is to improve my ability to talk before any type of audience and to act confidently regardless of what the situation may be. I need the courage to voice out my ideas and opinions and to be willing to try new things even to take some risks. I must be always open to look for new opportunities rather than walk the common path. I need to possess the confidence to be able to influence others in my decision-making; to be assertive and to be able to take control of situations. Feeling something is really good, I must be able encourage others to accept my recommendations, ideas and decisions. This would mean to proactively take the lead in as many situations as possible. When there is a group decision to be made, I must be able to be the first to give recommendations. At the same time, I need not agree with everything others say but be able to say no firmly. I need to stand firm on my own decisions without being influenced or co ntrolled by others. And lastly, in terms of dealing with stress and conflict, I must be able to assess calmly any situation before reacting to it. Furthermore, I must look for positives in any circumstance and make the best of any un-favourable situations. I must work more to focus my energy on finding a solution to certain problems rather than losing my temper. These are some concrete areas I need to develop as regards my leadership and management skills. Task 3 In this task, I was asked to implement my plans and to show how I am going to manage my personal development of leadership and management skills. In task 2, I cited my plans and objectives based on my skills audit. An example cited was in terms of confidence. If I can have confidence, I can open new opportunities for myself. I will able to command more respect and to challenge others for more collaborative efforts to work for the organizational goals. I can dare to try new things and to do what others are not doing which can give me more opportunities for success and can make my life more interesting as well. Though it will take a lot of courage and patient practice, with confidence I will be able to allow radiating my authentic self Through positive assertiveness, I can no longer follow other peoples will and decisions. I can choose for myself opportunities which can help me improve my personal leadership and management skills. By being assertive, I can be more participative and can make more quality contribution. It can further build my confidence and boost my self-esteem. Learning self-control especially in terms of outburst of anger is important. It is maintaining a calm disposition and discerning a better way of responding. This would mean learning to choose ones words and to refrain from saying things that I will be disappointed or distressed later on. In difficult situations, I will learn not to give vent to anger but rather I will think of ways of using my energy in a positive way. I can try practicing compassion in recognizing the struggle of others instead of pointless confrontations. Being able to attain positive feed back can only happen in a calm atmosphere where there is no blaming. At times it can be difficult in the sense that others may feel that I am too bossy and arrogant. If this perception occurs, they would not want to follow and even listen to your suggestions. Proper communication with them can help in making them understand the organisational objectives and my plans for the organisation based on its mission and vision. Communicat ion can allow them to understand my attitudes and behaviour. It is a fact that it is difficult to keep everyone in the organization become involved but creating an atmosphere of trust where a good flow of communication is important. Task 4 In this task, I have reviewed my personal development plan in accordance to the original objectives at task 1. The aim is to render quality service in all aspects for our residents, relatives and staff. It is a vital to become the most successful care provider. Through my personal development of leadership, I have received a positive feedback from my colleagues and managers as regards the way I handled the new carer and some complaints of the service users. The managers are happy in my way of responding to such situations. The relatives and the service users are satisfied with the care that we are providing them in line with the healthcare and organisational standards. I think in order for me to maintain my leadership skills better, I would need to have good timing management, discipline and to stay focused on the task at hand. Further more, I think it is necessary to develop more my skills on decision-making by attending training programs and even attend some classes regarding good decision-making. Through these training, I can update as well my personal development plan. It is my desire to become a better and respectable leader in the future. Conclusion There are many leadership styles and certainly one can learn good aspects from them, yet, it is more essential to know the quality of ones personal leadership style. Knowing this through skill audit is a tool to discover more the positive and apparently negative aspects in the way one leads. Self-awareness is the key to effective personal leadership and management development. Each organization has its own particular environmental context of purpose, culture and needs. Before engaging in any personal leadership or management development, it will be helpful to spend time to get a clear grasp of the organizations priorities, strengths and weaknesses, challenges and competency gaps. There must be a balance between skills development and behaviour, attitudes and personality development. The latter would require more sincere commitment and would be more on a long-term basis for each individual is different and unique. Any program for personal leadership and management development must support both the growth process of each individual and the growth process of the organization as well.

Life of Thomas Jefferson :: essays research papers fc

Thomas Jefferson was drafted to write the Declaration of Independence in 1776. Soon after, in 1779, Thomas was elected governor, which he served for two years. He suffered an inquiry into his conduct during his last year in office that although finally fully repudiated, left him with a life long pricklishness in the face of criticism. In 1784, he re-entered public services. First as a trades commissioner and then as Benjamin Franklin’s successor as a minister. In 1790, he accepted the post of secretary of the state. Then, in 1796, as a presidential candidate of the Republicans, he became vice president after losing to John Adams by three votes. Four years later, in the election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson and another Republican, Aaron Burr won the majority of the votes. They each had 73 votes. The House of Representatives were to vote because of this extraordinary tie. They voted thirty five times, each time, it was the same thing, a tie between Jefferson and Burr. Finally, after a long day of stressful decisions and arguing, one man named James Bayard broke the tie and voted for Thomas Jefferson. He became the third president of our proud United States. Also he became the first peaceful transfer of power. Jefferson, with the help of the congress, reshaped the government into Republican goals. Republicans believed that strength of a nation depended on liberty and land ownership. So Jefferson, with a great deal of trading, offerings, arguing, and purchasing, finally made what is called The Louisiana Purchase. In 1806, Jefferson began building another house in a popular forest. Through 1807 to 1824, remodeling Monticello was in the process Life of Thomas Jefferson :: essays research papers fc Thomas Jefferson was drafted to write the Declaration of Independence in 1776. Soon after, in 1779, Thomas was elected governor, which he served for two years. He suffered an inquiry into his conduct during his last year in office that although finally fully repudiated, left him with a life long pricklishness in the face of criticism. In 1784, he re-entered public services. First as a trades commissioner and then as Benjamin Franklin’s successor as a minister. In 1790, he accepted the post of secretary of the state. Then, in 1796, as a presidential candidate of the Republicans, he became vice president after losing to John Adams by three votes. Four years later, in the election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson and another Republican, Aaron Burr won the majority of the votes. They each had 73 votes. The House of Representatives were to vote because of this extraordinary tie. They voted thirty five times, each time, it was the same thing, a tie between Jefferson and Burr. Finally, after a long day of stressful decisions and arguing, one man named James Bayard broke the tie and voted for Thomas Jefferson. He became the third president of our proud United States. Also he became the first peaceful transfer of power. Jefferson, with the help of the congress, reshaped the government into Republican goals. Republicans believed that strength of a nation depended on liberty and land ownership. So Jefferson, with a great deal of trading, offerings, arguing, and purchasing, finally made what is called The Louisiana Purchase. In 1806, Jefferson began building another house in a popular forest. Through 1807 to 1824, remodeling Monticello was in the process

Children and food Essay

Being a first time mom can be scary, and worrying about your baby getting the right nutrients and developing â€Å"on time† is something many mothers worry about. When to start your baby trying out solids, is something that can vary from child to child however there are some clues that you can take from you babies actions to know when they are ready. A child watching the food being opened in anticipation to eat it is a clue that shows that they are interested in trying new things since there attention is gaged at the new food. Also reaching for a spoon shows readiness for feeding. Playing with food or a spoon, and also irritation when feeding too slow are indicators that your baby is ready to move on and try solid foods. Children typically start to exhibit these types of behaviors at around four to six months. Starting your child out eating a tablespoon or two of semisoft food on a spoon once or twice a day is a good way to begin, only start with small portions in the beginning then work up. Food offered from a spoon stimulates muscle development and also new experience in sensation, taste, and texture. When you are ready to start you child eating solid foods you want to make sure of a few things before you begin. First you want to make sure your infant is not overly tired or hungry, this could cause your baby to not corporate or be interested in trying new things. You want to use a small spoon and allow the infant to open their mouth and extend his/her tongue. Next you want to place the spoon on the tongue and avoid scraping the spoon on the infant’s gums. Scraping the food on your babies tongue does not teach them how to properly eat. Make sure to pace yourself to allow your infant to swallow. Mothers want to make sure that they are not feeding their child too quickly, first meals may be 5-6 spoonful’s over 10 minutes. The first food you should be spoon-feeding your child is iron fortified baby cereal. You will then want to move on to pureed vegetables and fruits. Most people recommend starting out feeding your infant pureed vegetables because fruit is sweet so normally if you start with fruit your baby will not like those peas or green beans because they will want the sweet pears or bananas. This is not for all babies however. Only try one new food at a time and offer for 2-3 days with 1 week in between introducing something new. You want to wait a week incase your baby has an allergy to that food, that way you can identify it and talk to your doctor. There are many unsafe food choices for infants starting out eating solids. Popcorn, peanuts, raisins, whole grapes, stringy meats, gum/gummy candy, jellybeans, hot dogs, and hard/raw fruits or vegetables; should be avoided. This time of trying new foods is an experience for both you and your baby. There is no need to rush your baby into eating solids, when they are ready they will act like it. Something’s to watch out for when feeding your child is to not force them to eat it. Place the spoon on their tongue and let them take the spoon in without you doing it for them. If your infant continues to spit the food out over and over again or don’t open their mouth then do not force it, they just might not be ready, put the spoon and baby food away and try again in a day or two.

Diaz Surname Meaning and Origin

Diaz Surname Meaning and Origin The surname Diaz comes from the Latin dies which means days. Although it is a common Hispanic surname, Diaz is believed to have Jewish origins, predating the Hispanic world. It is related to the Spanish surname DIEGO; numerous historical examples point to the use of Diaz as a patronymic of Diego (son of Diego). DIAZ is the 14th most popular Hispanic surname and the 73rd most popular surname in the United States. Surname Origin:  Spanish, Portuguese Alternate Surname Spellings:  Dias Famous People with the Surname DIAZ El Cid (born  Rodrigo Dà ­az) - medieval military leader and hero of SpainPorfirio Diaz - Mexican general; president from 1876 to 1911Nate Diaz - American MMA fighterNick Diaz - American MMA fighter; brother of Nate DiazJunot Diaz - Dominican-American author and Pulitzer Prize winner Where Do People With the DIAZ Surname Live? According to surname distribution data from  Forebears, Diaz is the 128th most common  surname in the world, ranking as most prevalent in Mexico and with the highest density based on population in Puerto Rico. Diaz is the 4th most common last name found in Chile; 7th most common in Peru, Cuba and the Dominican Republic; 8th in Panama; 9th in Venezuela and Argentina; and 10th in Colombia and Puerto Rico. Within Europe, Diaz is most frequently found in Spain, where it ranks as the 14th most common surname. It is most frequently found in the northern region of Asturias, as well as the Canary Islands. Genealogy Resources for the Surname DIA 100 Common Hispanic Surnames Their MeaningsGarcia, Martinez, Rodriguez, Lopez, Hernandez... Are you one of the millions of people sporting one of these top 100 common Hispanic last names? How to Research Hispanic HeritageLearn how to get started researching  your Hispanic ancestors, including the basics of family tree research and country-specific organizations, genealogical records, and resources for Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, the Caribbean and other Spanish speaking countries. Diaz Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Diaz family crest or coat of arms for the Diaz surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   GeneaNet - Diaz RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Diaz surname, with a concentration on records and families from France, Spain, and other European countries.

The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism Essay Example

The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism Essay Example The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism Essay The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism Essay Now a yearss many states are sing Tourism selling is one of the critical and of import factor to heighten the market in the touristry sector by carrying big figure of visitants or people both at international and domestically that will assist to develop the state s wealth and economic system. The state s wealth such as imposts, heritage, topographic points and traditions are the cardinal of import factors in make up ones minding the function of touristry selling of a finish. The touristry selling for a peculiar finish needs some of import communicating tools such as personal merchandising, advertisement, public dealingss and direct selling these are of import tools helps for developing and spread outing its attractive force in touristry market. India known for its heritage and cultural diverseness and it s been a batch of topographic points to see and research, which provides many facets for the development of touristry selling in India. India is a sub-continent and being a secular province got major pilgrim s tourers of assorted spiritual hence this pilgrim touristry is really celebrated universally and large attractive force for visitants to see the finish. India is besides celebrated for TajMahal which is listed in the Seven Wonders of the World. . India has got many national heritage sites which are worldwide celebrated for tourer attractive forces. If the touristry selling in India is improved and developed it will decidedly play a major factor for hiking up of India s economic system and its finish in the field of touristry. To do touristry marketing a success in the present universe there are assorted methods followed. The outer environment of a finish can be defined as Micro and Macro environments. India which comes under Macro environment has major forces like legal, technological, economic, cultural and societal on which the major concentration is showed. Developing touristry selling, communicating tools play the most of import function which includes one-to-one merchandising, advertisement, the gross revenues publicity public dealingss and direct selling through different channels. Introduction Author Gunnell, 1997 mentioned that India is the state with the universe s 2nd largest population and it stands in the 7th place geographically world-wide. India is besides good known as the largest democratic state in the worldwide. It is home land for the different faiths bing today, that s why it is besides good known as the largest secular state in the universe. Due to the being of the assorted civilizations, traditions, faiths, imposts and beliefs it made the state rich culturally worldwide. Unity in diverseness is the cardinal rule followed by the people in India. Today s economic system in India: India has got one of the stable and prima economic systems in the universe ; during the recission period besides it did good. India has become fatherland for the many international IT companies set uping their caput quarters in India. There are more than five Indian beginning companies listed on the universe s luck 500 companies list. Among these five companies 2 of them are besides listed on the NASDAQ. It has got some of the taking companies in the concern sectors like pharmaceutical, steel, vesture and IT are some of the cardinal assets to this state ( shrivastava, 2009 ) . Tourism plays a major function in Indian economic system ; spiritual topographic points and pilgrims journeies are more concentrated by the domestic tourers. Major stairss have taken by the Indian authorities, Indian air hoses and Indian travel bureaus in order to increase the flow of domestic and international touristry in India. Due the development of installations like transit, adjustment, substructure tourers find it really easy to make the finish and to transpose. The flow of international touristry is high to India due its cultural profusion. Taj Mahal considered as one of the Seven Wonders of the existence due to its popularity it has become the most popular finish in India and bulk of the tourers are attracted to it. Golden trigon is a really good known bundle in India. For the twelvemonth 2008 Incredible India commercial has won the Grand Prix award ( Westfall, Boyd: Vlo.25 ) . Direct selling, public dealingss, forces selling and advertisement are some of the selling communicating tools that aid s in touristry selling. In today s universe electronic media has become the most efficient medium to pass on with the people, so more portion of the advertisement financess are invested in the electronic media advertisement in order to make the more figure of people expeditiously, to increase the flow of the tourers. Increadibleindia.com is the official Indian touristry web site which provides complete information about the Indian touristry. Indian postal service has got really good repute and it has got a really good history. It besides helps in advancing tourer finishs in India as it is publishing images of touristry finishs on its postal casts and conveying consciousness about the finish among the populace. The hereafter of the Indian touristry looks bright with new policies and schemes followed by the authorities of India. It has following new schemes and utiliz ing latest engineering in order to pull the tourers to see assorted finishs in India by international and domestic tourers. Background Information: Cultural variegation, different types of faiths, linguistic communications, dramatis personaes, sub dramatis personaes and rich heritage are portion of the Indian history. If we take a acute expression at the Indian history, we can happen the earliest hints of the being of human life in some parts of the Madhya Pradesh through pictures at the Bhimbhatka stone shelters. In western parts of India, being of the Indus vale civilisation was found, it was a 9000 twelvemonth s old civilisation. It was recorded that India was ruled by many emperors for several old ages. Due its cultural diverseness, India has faced many challenges and jobs with its different dramatis personae systems, being of different faiths in one topographic point and it besides confronting jobs with terrorist act, naxalism etc. particularly in northern parts of India like Jammu and Kashmir. From the above treatments now we know that India is place land for different faiths. There are four major faiths in India ; they ar e Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam and Christianity. Majority of the population in India follow Hinduism followed by Islam, Sikhism and Christianity. Buddhism and Jainism are other two faiths that are originated in India ( Metcafe, 2006 ) . India is place land for the broad scope of civilizations. We can see in present yearss Indian civilization is distributing everyplace in Asia. Traditional and cultural Indian households values are highly respected all over the universe. Arranged matrimonies and joint households are some of the norms followed by the Indians. Culture of India is really good represented in its architecture. For illustration, Taj Mahal which was built by the male monarch named Shah Jahan as a particular memorial gift to his married woman Mumtaz. Culture of India is clearly reflected in its traditional music and dances ; it besides reveals the importance of music and dances in its civilization. In the twelvemonth 2008 there was a 5.37 million international tourers flow in to the state. Due to this the states one-year growing was increased by 5.6 % . Tourists from some of the states like United Kingdom, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Japan, Germany, France, United States of America ( 15.43 ) and Australia signifier s and 64.34 % of the entire international tourers visited India. Domestic touristry is besides plays a major function in states one-year growing, for India the domestic touristry histories for an one-year growing of 6.9 % with 562.92 million people going. India ranks 23rd place in receivers and 41st place in the international tourer reachings ( Vilanetam, toilet: 2005 ) . Macro and Micro environment of India: Micro Environment: Forces near due to the finish that can impact its ability to function its clients: client markets, organisation itself, marketing channel houses and wide scope of stakeholders and public. ( Hudson, 2008:23 ) . Market is closely related with the micro environmental factors. The factors are public, providers, clients, rivals and selling mediators. There are different types of visitants ; they are authorities endeavors, providers, and family. They besides can act upon the touristry selling. In order to keep the touristry demand it is really of import to do attempts to hold assorted types of providers. By establishing the promotional strategies in touristry industry rivals can strongly impact the market. Tourism selling can be affected by the attitude of the local people towards the tourers. Macro Environment: Macro environment comprises of all agents and forces holding distance relationship with the selling. So the factors of macro environment are ( McCabe, 2009 and Drummond and Ensor, 2005 ) . Social environment Economic environment Legal environment Technological environment Political environment Social environment: There will be assorted factors impacting the tourers as India is a multi-socio-cultural finish. The societal factors include imposts, traditions, household, population, faith, income instruction and life criterions. For illustration: Millions of tourers are attracted from all over the universe in order to go to the spiritual event Kumbh mela ( Keegan, Green: 2008 ) . Economic environment: Due to the particular significance in the Economic environment it has been divided in to three parts ( Singla: 2006-07 ) . They are. Economic system: This system chiefly concentrates on the apprehension of the full economic environment, which comprises of three sorts ; they are socialistic economic system, capitalistic economic system and assorted economic system. For assorted economic system India is considered as one of the best illustration. In India finishs are controlled by both Private and authorities organisations. For illustration: depending up on the fiscal position of the single tourers they can choose the private or authorities travel bureaus. By and large authorities travel bureaus are cheaper when compared to the private travel bureaus. Economic policies: The economic policies are introduced in order to direct the economic activities. Employment revenue enhancement, Export /Import policies, public money, agribusiness industry are some of the activities that are Included in the economic policies. All these policies have different types of influences on the finish selling. For illustration: International travelers are charged higher than the normal charge for the domestic traveler to see an heritage site. Economic status: Economic conditions are the conditions recited with the capablenesss of the economic development at the tourer finish, for illustration: natural resources, foreign capital, national income, foreign trade and industrial development. Legal environment: In order to modulate the environment many legal Acts of the Apostless were passed in India. Indian authorities has passed many Acts of the Apostless like gross revenues of goods act, trade grade act, Indian partnership act etc. Incredible growing has been seen in the foreign exchange country, by the remotion of revenue enhancement on the foreign direct investing. For the visitants from the Afghanistan and Pakistan have particular ordinances where as the visitants from Burma and Maldives get entry base on ballss to the state really easy. Technological environment: In India twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours the roar of engineering is turning. IncredibleIndia.com has gone on societal networking sites I order to promote its visitants online. Due to the high use of telecastings in India, it showed the grater affect on the wireless and film Industry in India. Due to technological development like Internet, telecastings etc. the tourers are able to cognize about the finishs before they visit them personally. Booking tickets and doing reserves have become quite easy for the tourers due to the technological development ( Cooper. Wanhill: 2008 ) . Political environment: India is a land with many political parties bing in it. Each political party is different from each other and has different types of attitudes towards the touristry industry. But when it comes to the states respect all will be united for illustration: The cause that the Taj Mahal has to be included in Seven Wonders of the World has been supported by all political parties in India and appealed everyone to vote for Taj Mahal in order to put its name in Seven Wonders of the World ( Hudson, 2008 ) . Marketing communicating tools: A critical map of marketing communicating is besides the possibility to respond, as opposed to an act or usage of information transmitted outside the direct control of the organisation. ( McCabe, 2009:8 ) . Integrated selling communications: The integrating of all selling communicating tools, every bit good as trade name and corporate messages so they send a persuasive and consistent message to aim audience. ( Hudson, 2008:258 ) . Assorted activities are required in order to construct a selling plan. These activities are differentiated in to four types ; they are Promotion, Product, Place and Price. These are known as 4ps of marketing mix. Promotion is involved in the activities like personal merchandising, advertisement, direct selling, public dealingss, and gross revenues publicity. Merchandises are engaged in the activities same to the ingestion of the existent merchandise i.e. determinations about finish design, quality and other assorted services. Topographic point is good known as distribution. Selling coverage, distribution channels, stock list, locations and transits are the portion of distribution. Particular touristry bundles, price reductions on touristry merchandises like travel tickets are some of the countries where the monetary value will be covering ( Shah, souza: 2009 ) . Marketing communicating tools are: Ad Personal merchandising Public dealingss Gross saless publicity Direct selling Channels consist of scope of media such as: Internet Television Newspaper and magazines Postal and telecommunications Radio Ad: it brings attending towards the present market sing the information of the administration, its services and merchandises and this is the most powerful and of import tool for any finish and it is specific signifier of marketing communicating . ( McCabe 2009:2008 ) . The advertisement has set up some aims are to carry, inform, remind and heighten the selling schemes. In advertisement there are assorted types of schemes to develop any selling conditions they are: ( Shah, Dsouza, 2009 ) . Appendix 1 clearly shows the different advertisement schemes Personal merchandising: Personal gross revenues are a verbal communicating with the possible client to increase the merchandises sale. The demonstrating of any merchandises and its word pictures were Presented by a individual with a position to sale affects the consumer purchasing behavior. Personal sale goes from individual to individual communicating via personal media like over the phone, face to face, picture conferencing and online confab. Especially personal merchandising is non an of import tool for marketing touristry but it gives the enthusiasm towards visitants through reactions of personal gross revenues individuals about any finish ( Keegan, Green, 2008 ) . national advertisement, Public service advertisement, , Retail advertisement, Corporate advertisement, Brand edifice advertisement, Business to concern advertisement ( B2B ) , Tactical advertisement, Selective demand advertisement, Advocacy advertisement and Primary demand advertisement are different signifiers of advertisement. Tourism of any finish is developed chiefly by advertisement. Ad on electronic media particularly telecasting is chief beginning to catch the attending of visitants to any peculiar finish. India has 28 provinces with different civilization and heritage therefore each province has its ain run and advertisement within their boundaries and all over the state through advertisement on telecasting to promote their touristry development in their province. Radio is little than telecasting but it is one of the powerful and of import tool in advertisement to make the larger visitants in the whole state. Newspaper is the cheapest and easiest manner to reassign the informations to pull more visitants to cognize about the touristry in a peculiar finish. Public dealingss: The function of public dealingss are plays a critical function in marketing mix of any finish. The activities of public dealingss follows piecing people or tourers, programs, policies etc. to develop any finish the public dealingss are indispensable to keep relationships in authorities, media, clients, stockholders and employers and administrations etc. and other constituents of the public dealingss are fund-raising, engagement in society, event sponsoring. Since 10 old ages India has built up an built-in portion of marketing mix with the aid of public relationships which gives liberalization to Indian economic system and encouragement to the touristry sector in India. The betterments in India were made to understand and pull offing the media and non-media and educate clients on the usage of public dealingss expeditiously. ( Mantri, 2009 ) . Gross saless publicity: gross revenues publicity is quickly increasing in India. And it is one of the of import factors in the communicating selling mix to develop touristry. Gross saless publicity is the group of tools which enhance the gross revenues of a merchandise through price reduction offers, discounts, monetary value decreases, gift vouchers, some buying stuffs and samples. For illustration: to pull the maximal figure of people, both private bureaus and authorities have their ain and fast gaits schemes in gross revenues publicities such as particular offers, budget and advanced circuit bundles which is like coachs and railroads are supplying price reduction menus to pull the visitants during vacation and summer season. Direct selling: There are no mediators are engaged in between visitant and finish and this procedure is known as direct selling. There are many ways to make the direct selling are: teleselling, telecasting, wireless, cyberspace, facsimile, beeper, postal service and electronic mail. For illustration: cyberspace is the best illustration for direct selling. VSNL is the Indian authorities cyberspace supplier to air the whole state and even some of the private companies supplying cyberspace such as TATA, Reliance, Airtel and Idea etc. are the prima cyberspace suppliers. Email and mentality are the most common factor of advertisement largely find in concern cards, web sites, and mass media advertizements. Harmonizing to the Ashwin ( 1999 ) stated that telecasting is the most powerful tool in India and covers about 80 % of advertizements by offering many channels in Indian continent. India is the 2nd prima state in the gross revenues of day-to-day newspapers. India is providing daily 320 different types of newspapers throughout the state. The Hindu, Indian express and Times of India are the chief prima newspapers in India. The newspapers provide the information of authorities and its current issues straight to tourers and readers. ( Keegan, Green, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Shah, DSouza ( 2009 ) the selling communicating tools have both pros and cons are: Ad: telecasting is the chief beginning of advertisement for any finish to develop touristry sector. Through advertizements in telecasting the peculiar finishs are shown in a positive manner and could nt supply the complete and necessary inside informations to tourers. Personal merchandising: personal merchandising can be achieved by explicating a tourer to his experience to other group of people to make enthusiasm or ardor towards them to see the peculiar finish. As we discussed earlier India is celebrated for pilgrim touristry with its alone building of temple and some other heritage sites, this makes peoples to see the topographic points when it is communicated by the already been visitant. India is the glances of heritage and civilization many international tourers are sing India to see beautiful and alone architecture. Personal merchandising is different and it does non demo much impact on touristry because each visitant has its ain gustatory sensation and ain ocular and sometimes the visitant does nt experience the same impact of what other have already felt. ( Aditya, 2009 ) Direct selling: engineering and postal services are the anchor to the direct selling. And this is one on one ( 2 manner ) communicating through direct selling merely a limited group of people are benefited and this could nt manage or pull bulk tourers. Public dealingss: public dealingss are chiefly targeted to many tourers through good will and comparatively inexpensive services to offer in a finish. The public dealingss are more powerful through cyberspace which is really synergistic, relatively low cost, direct media, and sharing information up to day of the month is ever available.the public dealingss has some restrictions such as extremely expensive, low proctor publications, complications in measurings and do non hold a direct impact on the touristry sector of a finish. Gross saless publicity: local tourers are most good through gross revenues and advancing and maintaining off the international tourers to pull the tourer finish. First in India there is no proper selling for gross revenues and publicities of a finish to make the international broad. At least the local tourers were being benefited and have a good trade to see the topographic points. Future development Harmonizing to Raina, Agarwal ( 2004 ) stated that the hereafter development and selling communicating scheme in India are: Since 2 old ages Indian touristry is developing and reached highest degree of market with the made of latest esthesis Incredible India . Through the being of Incredible India has maximised the touristry market in the universe broad context. There are more domestic and international tourers were attracted of its new scope hence it will imply the one-year growing of touristry in India. Indian touristry ministry is concentrating to develop the touristry in many ways. The antediluvian sites in Jaipur and Raipur are being altering into get oning topographic points and hotels where tourers both domestic and international felt the esthesis with Indian architecture as a portion of tourer activities. Many rural countries are existed in India with a charming potency of touristry. Ministry of India started constructing up airdromes and star hotels in the rural countries and doing those countries as tourer finishs. Number of international and local flights frequence are increased and ministry of Indian touristry is being giving highest precedence to safety and wellness of tourers who visited to these destinations.Listen India is the hub for Ayurveda and yoga where these medicines increasing the figure of international visitants to India as a medical touristry. Future development of touristry has a batch of range with the present schemes of medical touristry India. Indian finishs are utilizing wide scope of cyberspace services to advance their finish besides internet educate, gives the accurate inside informations and conditions of the finishs to the international tourers. Indian touristry ministry is more endeavoring to utilize new engineerings to make the tourers easy therefore new development can be seen in close hereafter with the aid of new engineerings utilizing by Indian touristry. Many new finishs are increasing and postal services utilizing unbelievable India for their freshly produced casts and many new schemes are working to convey the Indian finishs are best in the close hereafter. The touristry in India should follow some selling policies such as touristry selling to be done in local and internationally in the signifier of hostility.the hostility of touristry combined the tourers from all over the universe which gives the clear thought about touristry demand in India, planning and diversifying elements, fight, kineticss and ultimate rules of touristry activities and besides increase the scope and pride to the specific finish selling in India. Decision: In decision, India is the largest state and where it is rich in heritage and civilization is rich for its democracy, secularism, people, political relations, touristry and state s wealth and economic system. Micro and macro environments are 2 of import factors for any state s development in footings of economic system. Macro environment is the chief factor where India is influenced by it, as macro environments is influenced by telecasting, advertisement, mass media, postal service and wireless in small town countries. 4P s ( monetary value, publicity, topographic point and merchandise ) are the indispensable factors for the touristry selling and helps in work outing debatable issues to tourers and their finish. Making the finish s information available and making involvement towards to visitants to see the finish were done by the tool called as touristry selling communications. Tourism selling communications are used by assorted types in advancing finish through gross revenues publicity, advertisement, direct selling, public dealingss and personal merchandising. In marketing communicating there are besides other tools are used to advance finish such as packaging, sponsorship, licensing and fortes are included as a portion of communicating tool. Through selling communicating the finishs are favorable and profitable by increasing the degree of involvement among the visitants to see the finish. The authorities and local community of the finish are required to analyze the strengths and failing of the touristry selling communicating tools to accomplish the ends and aim of communicating mix. To heighten and better the touristry sector, the authorities of India is responsible to make farther research on touristry selling communicating tools as a farther scheme to pull the visitants to finish. The Indian authorities confronting some challenges to advance touristry market by utilizing communicating tools, it is possible to get the better of all the challenges comfortably

Describe the benefits and shortcomings of regionally aligned brigade Essay

Describe the benefits and shortcomings of regionally aligned brigade combat teams and determine whether or not the brigade combat teams are effective - Essay Example Their responsibilities will include learning the values of different cultures, political peculiarities, regional languages and tongues, and geographic aspects of the areas they are assigned to. To achieve self sufficiency, brigade combat teams have additional support features such as reconnaissance, artillery, and medical companies. In the present global environment, which is characterized by instability in many parts, regionally aligning forces is likely to accomplish more military objectives. The aspect of regionally aligning forces could also result in additional resources provided for the purpose of sustaining cultural awareness in different parts where this mechanism is employed. Any training that is geared for implementing regional alignment will result in the improvement of planning, operations, and partnering between host nations. In the global environment, soldiers could benefit more from being proficient in language and culture, than in possessing the most recent technologically advanced weapons of war. This kind of cultural proficiency also enhances operational effectiveness (Tan). Another benefit of brigade combat teams has to do with ensuring cost effectiveness. The use of regionally aligned forces will naturally lessen the costs incurred in transporting soldiers and their families abroad, in order to implement partnership operations. The example, for instance, provided in the reduction of foreign based combat brigades which are based in Europe from four to two, while enacting rotations with foreign partners is something that will result in the families of army personnel enjoying more predictability and stability. One of the biggest problems facing the creation of regionally aligned brigade combat teams has to do with the general army objectives. It is normal for all teams and operations to be have objectives that are aligned with the most important