Essay For College Samples

Essay For College SamplesWriting an essay for college is not at all as easy as it looks. The writing should be different for every student and the writing style should fit the individual personality of the person writing the essay. The essay for college sample is available for every student who is planning to take up a good college course.If you have been writing essays in high school, your writing style has changed to a more personal type which is suitable for essay for college. There are a number of students who find writing an essay for college very difficult but there are other students who find it easy and enjoy it.When you write an essay for college it should be descriptive, creative and witty. It should highlight your strengths and weaknesses and should guide the readers towards a conclusion. Some students are better writers than others and this fact does not imply that the students with lesser talents are better writers than those with greater talents.Essay for college sample s give you a perfect opportunity to learn a lot of things about writing. You will be able to achieve great heights by reading the essay for college samples and make more impression on your teachers and professors by writing an essay for college.Some students think that they are smart enough to write an essay but actually they are not. They find it difficult to compose a simple sentence in their head and get the words out correctly. Thus, essay for college samples can help you develop your writing skills. You will be able to write more precise and lucid sentences that will impress your teachers and professors.You can also use these essays to look back at your essays that you have written in high school and review how you handled certain parts of the essay. Also, the essay for college samples can serve as an interesting document to present the best of your essay writing ability to the teachers.What makes an essay for college special is the fact that it can be used to compare the two e ssays that you have written before. This will help you to evaluate your skills better. Moreover, this can prove to be an advantage if you are doing a research paper in a college.

Andrew Fleming s Discovery Of Penicillin Essay - 1639 Words

Since the 1800s there have been innumerable influences, both medically and socially upon altering the outlooks surrounding sexually transmitted diseases. In kin to the spread and contraction of syphilis, prostitutes and women were mainly held accountable for their lack of sexual conduct and were subsequently forced to take medical examinations so not to taint the man. There was very little representation for women during the period of war, and men received an opposing societal approach to their sexual promiscuities. The stigmatisation surrounding women during this time is also prevalent in the HIV/AIDS epidemic in America, where homosexuals were blamed for the infiltration of this malady, again showing society blaming one category of people for the spread of disease. The collective disgrace surrounding sexual preference and morality is still evident in today’s culture; however it is much less predominant. Homoeopathically, the invention of Lock Hospitals further branded women to be immoral, however the medical advancements of treating STD’s with reference to Alexander Fleming’s discovery of Penicillin in 1928 and Wasserman’s test for syphilis in 1906 has aided societal views to not ostracise one specific gender or sexual preference group, and instead comprehend that disease can be spread in a multitude of ways and thankfully can now be treated more effectively. Syphilis in particular remains a malady which there has been no real medical justification for the origin of it,Show MoreRelatedThe Use Of Sulfa Drugs During World War II1486 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1928 Dr. Alexander Fleming began to sort through a pile of petri dishes containing colonies of bacteria that causes boils, sore throats, and abscesses. As he sorted through the dishes he noticed something unusual on one dish. It was dotted with colonies, and one area had a blob of mold growing. The area of mold was later identified as a rare strain of Penicillium notatum, the mold had secreted something that inhibited bacterial growth. Fleming later uncovered that this mold was capable of killingRead MoreThe Discovery Of Antimicrobial Agents2921 Words   |  12 PagesAbstract The discovery of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infectious diseases has been heralded as one of the greatest medical achievements of the 20th century. However, use, misuse, and abuse of antimicrobial agents has led to an increase in the population of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and has become a major public health threat the world over. Unfortunately the pace of developing new treatments has not kept pace with the growing problem, leading to increased mortality and morbidityRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul SingaporeRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages(2003), p. 13. ECS8C_C02.qxd 22/10/2007 11:53 Page 608 CASE STUDY The global pharmaceutical industry Sarah Holland The case looks at the development of the ethical pharmaceutical industry. The various forces affecting the discovery, development, production, distribution and marketing of prescription drugs and issues of corporate responsibility are discussed. The case also looks at the different types of strategies that are followed by pharmaceutical companies. ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  In

SEMICONDUCTORS THE SILICON CHIP Silicon Is The Raw Material Most Oft Essay Example For Students

SEMICONDUCTORS : THE SILICON CHIP Silicon Is The Raw Material Most Oft Essay SEMICONDUCTORS : THE SILICON CHIPSilicon is the raw material most often used in integrated circuit (IC) fabrication. It is the second most abundant substance on the earth. It is extracted from rocks and common beach sand and put through an exhaustive purification process. In this form, silicon is the purist industrial substance that man produces, with impurities comprising less than one part in a billion. That is the equivalent of one tennis ball in a string of golf balls stretching from the earth to the moon.Semiconductors are usually materials which have energy-band gaps smaller than 2eV. An important property of semiconductors is the ability to change their resistivity over several orders of magnitude by doping. Semiconductors have electrical resistivities between 10-5 and 107 ohms. Semiconductors can be crystalline or amorphous. Elemental semiconductors are simple-element semiconductor materials such as silicon or germanium. Silicon is the most common semiconductor material used today. It is used for diodes, transistors, integrated circuits, memories, infrared detection and lenses, light-emitting diodes (LED), photosensors, strain gages, solar cells, charge transfer devices, radiation detectors and a variety of other devices. Silicon belongs to the group IV in the periodic table. It is a grey brittle material with a diamond cubic structure. Silicon is conventionally doped with Phosphorus, Arsenic and Antimony and Boron, Aluminum, and Gallium acceptors. The energy gap of silicon is 1.1 eV. This value permits the operation of silicon semiconductors devices at higher temperatures than germanium. Now I will give you some brief history of the evolution of electronics which will help you understand more about semiconductors and the silicon chip. In the early 1900s before integrated circuits and silicon chips were invented, computers and radios were made with vacuum tubes. The vacuum tube was invented in 1906 by Dr.Lee DeForest. Throughout the first half of the 20 th century, vacuum tubes were used to conduct, modulate and amplify electrical signals. They made possible a variety of new products including the radio and the computer. However vacuum tubes had some inherent problems. They were bulky, delicate and expensive, consumed a great deal of power, took time to warm up, got very hot, and eventually burned out. The first digital computer contained 18,000 vacuum tubes, weighed 50 tins, and required 140 kilowatts of power.By the 1930s, researchers at the Bell Telephone Laboratories were looking for a replacement for the vacuum tube. They began studying the electrical properties of semiconductors which are non-metallic substances, such as silicon, that are neither conductors of electricity, like metal, nor insulators like wood, but whose electrical properties lie between these extremes. By 1947 the transistor was invented. The Bell Labs research team sought a way of directly altering the electrical properties of semiconductor material. They le arned they could change and control these properties by doping the semiconductor, or infusing it with selected elements, heated to a gaseous phase. When the semiconductor was also heated, atoms from the gases would seep into it and modify its pure, crystal structure by displacing some atoms. Because these dopant atoms had different amount of electrons than the semiconductor atoms, they formed conductive paths. If the dopant atoms had more electrons than the semiconductor atoms, the doped regions were called n-type to signify and excess of negative charge. Less electrons, or an excess of positive charge, created p-type regions. By allowing this dopant to take place in carefully delineated areas on the surface of the semiconductor, p-type regions could be created within n-type regions, and vice-versa. The transistor was much smaller than the vacuum tube, did not get very hot, and did not require a headed filament that would eventually burn out.Finally in 1958, integrated circuits were invented. By the mid 1950s, the first commercial transistors were being shipped. However research continued. The scientist began to think that if one transistor could be built within one solid piece of semiconductor material, why not multiple transistors or even an entire circuit. With in a few years this speculation became one solid piece of material. These integrated circuits(ICs) reduced the number of electrical interconnections required in a piece of electronic equipment, thus increasing reliability and speed. In contrast, the first digital electronic computer built with 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighed 50 tons, cost about 1 million, required 140 kilowatts of power, and occupied an entire room. Today, a complete computer, fabricated within a single piece of silicon the size of a childs fingernail, cost only about $10.00.Now I will tell you the method of how the integrated circuits and the silicon chip is formed. Before the IC is actually created a large scale drawing, about 400 times larger than the actual size is created. It takes approximately one year to create an integrated circuit. Then they have to make a mask. Depending on the level of complexity, an IC will require from 5 to 18 different glass masks, or work plates to create the layers of circuit patterns that must be transferred to the surface of a silicon wafer. Mask-making begins with an electron-beam exposure system called MEBES. MEBES translates the digitized data from the pattern generating tape into physical form by shooting an intense beam of electrons at a chemically coated glass plate. The result is a precise rendering, in its exact size, of a single circuit layer, often less than one-quarter inch square. Working with incredible precision , it can produce a line one- sixtieth the width of a human hair.After purification, molten silicon is doped, to give it a specific electrical characteristic. Then it is grown as a crystal into a cylindrical ingot. A diamond saw is used to slice the ingot into thin, circular wafers which are then polished to a perfect mirror finish mechanically and chemically. At this point IC fabrication is ready to begin. To begin the fabrication process, a silicon wafer (p-type, in this case) is loaded into a 1200 C furnace through which pure oxygen flows. The end result is an added layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2), grown on the surface of the wafer. The oxidized wafer is then coated with photoresist, a light-sensitive, honey-like emulsion. In this case we use a negative resist that hardens when exposed to ultra-violet light. To transfer the first layer of circuit patterns, the appropriate glass mask is placed directly over the wafer. In a machine much like a very precise photographic enlarger, an ultraviolet light is projected through the mask. The dark pattern on the mask conceals the wafer beneath it, allowing the photoresist to stay soft; but in all other areas, where light passes through the clear glass, the photoresist hardens. The wafer is then washed in a solvent that removes the soft photoresist, but leaves the hardened photoresist on the wafer. Where the photoresist was removed, the oxide layer is exposed. An etching bath removes this exposed oxide, as well as the remaining photoresist. What remains is a stencil of the mask pattern, in the form of minute channels of oxide and silicon. The wafer is placed in a diffusion furnace which will be filled with gaseous compounds (all n- type dopants), for a process known as impurity doping. In the hot furnace, the dopant atoms enter the areas of exposed silicon, forming a pattern of n-type material. An etching bath removes the remaining oxide, and a new layer of silicon (n-) is deposited onto the wafer. The first layer of the chip is now complete, and the masking process begins again: a new layer of oxide is grown, the wafer is coated with photoresist, the second mask pattern is exposed to the wafer, and the oxide is etched away to reveal new diffusion areas. The process is repeated for every mask as many as 18 needed to create a particular IC. Of critical importance here is the precise alignment of each mask over the wafer surface. It is out of alignment more than a fraction of a micrometer (one-millionth of a meter), the entire wafer is useless. During the last diffusion a layer of oxide is again grown over the water. Most of this oxide layer is left on the wafer to serve as an electrical insulator, and only small openings are etched through the oxide to expose circuit contact areas. To interconnect these areas, a thin layer of metal (usually aluminum) is deposited over the entire surface. The metal dips down into the circuit contact areas, touching the silicon. Most of the surface metal is then etched away, leaving an interconnection pattern between the circuit elements. The final layer is vapox, or vapour-deposited-oxide, a glass-like material that protects the IC from contamination and damage. It, too, is etched away, but only above the bonding pads, the square aluminum areas to which wires will later be attached. .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 , .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .postImageUrl , .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 , .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5:hover , .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5:visited , .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5:active { border:0!important; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5:active , .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5 .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1bdc1b8f86503c9ec67bbfd456c5bdc5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: OPTIMISM IN MY LIFE Essay

Going global, Acting local

Introduction According to Swart and Kinnie (2003), globalization is closely related to international marketing. Nonetheless, some of the accelerating factors that have led to globalization include increased foreign direct investment and exports. Nonetheless, globalization is widely considered to be an integration of financial markets (Richard Geoffrey, 2004). In respect to this, globalization in international business is believed to have various facets (Pech Slade, 2003).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Going global, Acting local specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With respect to this, Mintzberg and Lampell (2000) believed that globalization is the merging of separate and distinct national markets to a single enormous global market. On the other hand, it is believed by Mangena and Brent (2006) that product globalization entail sourcing of services and goods from various locations around the world in order to tak e advantage of differences in terms of their quality and cost factors of production. On the other hand, localization relates to differentiation where by differences of tastes and preferences of customers are put into consideration in business operations (Krozer, 2008). Nonetheless, glocalization is taken to be the integration of both globalization and localization where by a business entity positions itself both globally and locally. In respect to this, the paper explores different definitions of globalization, localization and glocalization and thereafter analyzes product as a marketing mix of Disneyland, IKEA and MacDonald in their globalization, localization and glocalization strategies (Brecher Tim, 2004). A discussion and debate on global, local and glocal strategies based on Disneyland, IKEA and MacDonald brands Globalization According to Yucel (2009), globalization is the relentless integration of markets, nations and technologies in enabling people, organizations and nations to reach the world farther, deeper, faster and cheaper than ever before. This helps in spreading free capitalization of the market to all countries of the world. From this definition, Barnet (2009) believed that globalization is a process that helps in promoting integration of ideas, culture, goods and services. Yet still, according to Hanna (2010), globalization is a process that is driven by two main macro factors which include reduction of barriers to flow of services and goods and rapid technological change. This was believed by Gerardo and Wong (2008) to be the major inhibiting factors to global integration of business before the Second World War. However, with the end of the war, global institutions such as United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund among others were formed to help reduce these barriers hence paving way for globalization to take effect (Gerardo Wong, 2008). By doing so, globalization was boosted.Advertising Looking for report on business e conomics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, it was postulated by Fredrickson (2010) that technological development that have been experienced in the recent years in the field of information processing, communication and transportation technologies have been paramount in advancing globalization. This position was also advanced by Eckerson (2006) who believed that modern technologies have enabled products and services to be developed with global standardized features. As a result, consumer preferences and tastes have become global hence contributing to globalization. Example of globalization IKEA globalization strategy used technology in designing unassembled furniture that could be easily shipped to any part of the world. This strategy by IKEA was taken so that its products could be easily spread to all corners of the globe as clients were given the option of assembling their own products. However, globalization str ategy applied by Disneyland failed to appeal to other markets in its initial stages as it was designed specifically for the US market. Later, the firm was able to diversify its entertainment products to fit various regional markets hence attaining a global status. On the other hand, Macdonald’s was successfully in going global as it took advantage of advanced technology which it used in streamlining services and improving its efficiency in its products provision. Localization The word localization is given different definitions by different authorities (Ehnert, 2009). According to Drummond and Ruth (2008), localization is defined as a process of adapting a product or a service to a locality. Moreover, it is defined by Burn and Barnett (2008) as an adaptation of a product or a service to an environment that is not native. Furthermore, location according to Bruijn and Veld (2010) is defined as the business operation in various states while adjusting these products and services to suite their respective states. For that case, Botha and Brink (2007) postulated that localization focuses on reducing differences in provision of products and services in order to suite these local needs in the operating environment. In addition, localization is defined to be a process that is based on various theoretical foundations (Wariavwalla, 2008). According to Sklair (2010), one of the foundations is the consumer homogeneity. Since business processes is localized, the environment is to a large extent homorganic in nature. As a result, extend of adaptation is limited as compared to globalization (Rostow, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Going global, Acting local specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Besides, localization is defined to be the process of reversing globalization trends in favor of the local community (Robertson, 2002). In this respect, the local community can be a state or a number of s tates in a regional grouping. All the same, localization according to Polanyi (2004) is defined as the process of taking products and services and making them culturally and linguistically appropriate to the targeted locale which may be a region or a country. On the other hand, it is believed by Moody (2007) that localization is the customization of product components for a specific target market. This helps in building a strong connection with clients in that particular area. Example of localization A good example of localization is the strategy used by Disneyland in entering the Chinese market. It achieved this by making translation of all foreign lyrics to local contents that were well received by its new markets. Moreover, it was well exemplified by IKEA as it continued to use strategies of differentiation which helped it to spread its products globally but with local tastes. Furthermore, the strategy was applied by Macdonald’s as it provided localized products for specif ic regions it was expanding to. For instance, meat and pork products were never provided in the Indian market and instead vegetable products were given as per the preferences of this market. Glocalization According to McMichael (2006), glocalization is a term that has been developed recently as a result of the difficulties experienced from globalization process. Therefore, it is postulated to mean processes that seek uniformity of tactical strategies that are localized. This was concurred with Kasarda and Edward (2001) when they postulated that glocalization is the act of thinking globally while acting locally. This was furthered by Kanter (2005) when he believed that although consumers in most cases have similar lifestyles, their traditional values and cultures do not disappear. As a result, marketing approaches need to put these differences into consideration when coming up with products for consumers (Clegg Hardy, 2009). This kind of process is believed to be glocalization (Lync h, 2006). On the other hand, it was believed by Kanter (2005) that glocalization in business environment means micro marketing where by marketing of goods and services are tailored on a global basis to increase differentiated local and specific markets. This position was affirmed by Knights and Roberts (2002) when they defined glocalization as the construction of increasing differentiated clients based on their traditions. Nonetheless, Watson (2006) defined glocalization as a combination of two concepts; globalization and localization.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, it is taken to be the process that advances in marketing a service or a product that is distributed on a global platform but makes them to fit various local market clienteles (Healey, 2007). For instance, if the firm is selling its services on the web, it can specifically advertise these services to a specific target group of customers. Additionally, Roberts (2004) defined glocalization as developing a product or a service and distributing it globally but it must be fashioned in a manner that accommodates consumers in the local market. This view concurred with that of Foglio and Stanevicius (2007) who defined glocalization as the process of developing a product domestically and redesigning it later to meet local requirements, tastes and preferences and even abiding by the local laws. Example of glocalization This approach was used by Macdonald’s in its expansion process in India as it specifically offered vegetarian menu to suit tastes and preferences of the Indian market while maintaining its global standards. Moreover, Macdonald’s was able to maintain local face in all regions of its operation while upholding its standards. The approach of localization was used by Disneyland in its expansion process in France as it turned shows and settings to reflect the French style so as to suite local environment while retaining its global standards. On the other hand, IKEA was forced to provide a wide variety of products in furniture products with different tastes in respective regions of operation. This ensured their internationalization process as different user needs were met while upholding high standards. PESTEL Issue – Technological issue affecting Macdonald’s PESTEL is the analysis of an external macro environmental factors in which a business entity is operating in (Hauchler, 2004). As given by Kotler (2009), it stands for political, economic, social, technological and environmental factors. According to Robert (2008), all these factors affect business processes of a company and it might have no powers to control them but to adapt to them. For that matter, it is important that organizations continuously analyze their eternal environment in order to understand these macro environmental factors so as to take appropriate measures to adapt to them. For that matter, one of the macro factors that are affecting Macdonald’s is the technological issue as discussed by the paper. Current technological trends affecting Macdonald’s Technology is one of the micro environmental factors that are affecting Macdonald’s in its business operations. It works as a benchmark for company’s success. Therefore, it is important to be a head in technology in order to cope with competition with other players in the same industry (Inkeles, 2003). With respect to that, Macdonald’s has tried to apply various technologies that are available in their operating environment. For instance, in terms of m arketing its products, the firm widely applies technological tools such as web 2.0 technologies like facebook, twitter and other social sites in promoting its products (Macdonald, 2012). Moreover, Google advertisements and collaboration with other websites have largely been used to promote sales in specific regions of their operations. Nonetheless, technologies such as television, hoardings have equally been applied in promoting its products. Furthermore, inventory system in its business operations has been widely used in its business processes. This has been of great importance to its business since it has helped to prevent payment of hidden costs, helped in preventing spoiling of products hence in return, assuring effectiveness and efficiency (Macdonald, 2012). This has been made possible as some of the operations have been infused with these technologies (Greider, 2007). For instance, the inventory system and value chain management have been integrated and they help easier paymen t to stakeholders such as vendors and suppliers. This has helped the firm as it has added value to its products. Moreover, there have been some improvements in the inventory system together with its value chain has helped the company to be able to operate on a global platform. Future trends and forecasts According to Amsden (2009), technology is vital factors in attaining efficiency and effectiveness in business process. Therefore, since the company has already integrated technology in its business activities, it is expected that it will continue to move and change with these technology as it unfolds. For instance, the company will be forced to acquire wireless internet technologies that is fast growing hence replacing the traditional wired technology. Moreover, the adoption of wireless internet technology will be able to increase its business processes. In return, efficiency and effectiveness in business processes will be enhanced (Khondker, 2004). Furthermore, the company will be in a position to save its operating costs due to amalgamation of various processes that will help in cutting costs. Furthermore, it is expected in future that Macdonald will be able to integrate technology in its food production processes. Just like some of the soft drink companies are using expert systems in producing their products, it is also expected that Macdonald will be able to apply the same in its diverse products preparations. According to Albrow (2002), this will help the company by cutting to a large extent its production and operating costs as manual processes will be automated hence cutting extensively on human labor costs. Moreover, this is likely to guarantee effectiveness and efficiency in its business processes (Evans, 2006). Conclusion Globalization forms a very significant aspect in the expansion of business operation in the global market (Hilb, 2008). However, for this process to be successful in the current times, it is relatively important that an organization must consider applying both globalization and localization which converge to achieve glocalization (Hill Jones, 2009). By doing so, the business is able to ‘think globally and while acting locally’ hence satisfying needs of all customers in the global market. This is so since products can be tailored in order to maintain the local culture, tastes and preferences which help the firm to maintain its market share both on locally and internationally (Ansoff, 2000). Nonetheless, it is important to note that customers in the market require both local and global brands since they make them feel part of the wider international community while maintaining their local identity (Berman Evans, 2006). Therefore, a glocalization strategy is critical since it helps to integrate localization and globalization (Mintzberg Quinn, 2003). In relation to this, MacDonald has been very specific as it applies glocalization strategy. This has helped it to achieve effectiveness and efficiency in its business operations as it has excelled in all of its regions of operation. References Albrow, M 2002, The Global Age: State and Society Beyond Modernity, Stanford University Press, Stanford. Amsden, A 2009, Asia’s Next Giant: South Korea’s Late Industrialization, Oxford, New York. Ansoff, H 2000, Implementing Strategic Management, Prentice Hall, London. Barnet, R 2009, Global Dreams, Simon and Schuster, New York. Berman, B Evans, J 2006, Retail Management, A Strategic Approach, Prentice Hall, London. Botha, J Brink, A 2007, Introduction to Marketing, Juta and Co Ltd, Cape Town. Brecher, J Tim, C 2004, Global Village or Global Pillage? Economic Reconstruction from the Bottom Up, South End Press, Boston. Bruijn, H Veld, R 2010, Process Management, Springer, Netherlands. Burn, J Barnett, M 2008, E-Business for Virtual Organizations, Butterworth-Heinemann, Jordan. Clegg, R Hardy, C 2009, Studying Organization: Theory and Method, Sage, London. Drummond, G Rut h, A 2008, Strategic Marketing: Planning and Control, Elsevier Ltd, Burlington. Eckerson, W 2006, Performance Dashboards: Measuring, Monitoring, and Managing Your Business, John Wiley Sons, Inc, Canada. Ehnert, I 2009, Sustainable Human Resource Management, Springer, London. Evans, P 2006, Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation, Princeton University Press, Princeton. Foglio, A Stanevicius, V 2007, Scenario of glocal marketing as an answer to the market lobalization and localization, International research journal of finance and economics, vol. 15 no. 16, pp. 13-54. Fredrickson, M 2010, Perspectives on Strategic Management, Harper Row Publishers, New York. Gerardo, R Wong, Y 2008, Global Strategic Management, ME Sharpe, New York. Greider, W 2007, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism, Simon and Schuster, New York. Hanna, K 2010, Enabling Enterprise Transformation: Business and Grassroots Innovation for the Knowledge Economy, Springer Scien ce, New York. 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On Killing by Dave Grossman

On Killing by Dave Grossman Introduction On Killing is well-crafted work by Dave Grossman expounding on humanity versus training on killing. Grossman gives insight to the psychological cost that soldiers have to pay after being trained to kill in boot camps. The deep-set fight that any soldier undergoes in war is to fight his or her human nature that compels him or her not to kill the enemy. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on On Killing by Dave Grossman specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On Killing tackles the military travails to kill this resistance, making soldiers natural killers who will not have a second thought when faced by the enemy. Unfortunately, this attempt to eliminate the urge not to kill is spreading fast in societies by use video games that desensitizes teenagers making killing something natural. Grossman theme is to insist that humans are not natural killers for they have a natural urge not to kill fellow humans; however, this ur ge may fade away through desensitization similar to that happens in boot camps. Ironically, soldiers are trained to kill; that is, silencing the voice against killing in then, yet are expected to resurrect this feeling to live peacefully in society. Men are not Natural Killers Grossman argues that the urge against killing a fellow human being becomes pronounced in close combats and many soldiers will not kill naturally. According to Grossman, killing is very personal and its will have long-lasting effects on the perpetrator. He opens up the book by comparing killing to having sex. In a way, the study of killing in combat is very much like the study of sex. Killing is a private, intimate occurrence of tremendous intensity, in which the destructive act becomes psychologically very much like the procreative act† (Grossman 16). The problem is that the media tries to paint killing as something normal and the fact is; killing does not come easily. To support the fact that men are n ot natural killers, Grossman observes that during the Civil War, coached soldiers only pretended to shoot while in reality they were not. If they ever pulled the trigger, then they aimed over the heads of the approaching opposite army. What explains the fact that out of 27,000 muzzle-loaders that were found at Gettysburg, only 10% were used? This is because human beings do not like killing even if their lives are in danger. In World War II, â€Å"†¦the soldiers found themselves to be conscientious objectors who were unable to kill their fellow man (Grossman 25). Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To avoid confrontations between soldiers and the commanders, Grossman points out that, â€Å"these secrets were kept in a tangled web of individual and cultural forgetfulness, deception and lies tightly woven over thousands of years.the male ego has always justifie d selective memory, self-deception, and lying [about] two institutions, sex and combat (Grossman 31). Then the psychological cost and reality of training people to kill sets in. Grossman states that, many U.S soldiers, close to one million, underwent through mental collapse in World War II. Only two percent of all soldiers involved never recorded psychiatric problem; these fall under, â€Å"aggressive psychopaths† (Grossman 50). There is evidence that killing will cause greater chances of mental breakdown than the fear of death itself. This is evident because after a series of bombings in German and England, those who survived did not become intimidated; on contrary, they hardened and resolved to carry on with the fight. This underlines the aforementioned observation that death does not cause greater psychiatric problems like killing. Grossman goes on to note that, killing someone from behind is easier that killing from in front. In the chapters dealing with atrocities, he a ddresses the issue of post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD). Soldiers will submit to higher authorities, which demand them to kill and this in most cases leads to PSTD. PSTD; results from, â€Å"failure to accept and rationalize acts of killing† (Grossman 60). What effect does training have on killing? Before the Vietnam War, soldiers underwent what Grossman calls â€Å"desensitization and operant conditioning† training whereby, human silhouettes were used in shooting exercises. This conditioned the mind to imagine that the silhouette was a real person and with repetitions, soldiers became acclimatized to shooting the enemy directly. This led to increased number of shootings in Vietnam. Grossman concludes that people have killing inhibition but this can be overcome through desensitization. Unfortunately, while desensitization occurs in boots camps and soldiers will only shoot in wars, this same desensitization is finding its way to teenagers through violent TV. Evalu ation Grossman’s work is true to the point for he supports his case. It is interesting to note that, soldiers operate from directives and they have no freedom to choose their leaders. Their single role is to take and execute orders. Given the fact that many people come to service whilst young in their teenage, their minds are trained to kill easily. However, the bottom line is, people have inhibitory force against killing, and training soldiers entails removing this inhibition. From the examples that Grossman has given, it is clear that there is truth to his claims.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on On Killing by Dave Grossman specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The upsurge in the number of shootings in Vietnam War as compared to that of World War II can only be attributed to training to kill. However, Grossman points out that this training comes with its effects. The long-term effect is that people will have nigh tmares and psychic damages. Many soldiers came back from Vietnam with psychic problems and they still struggle with it even today. Finally, Grossman points out that violent TV is causing desensitization in minds of young people and this is responsible for the increased violence in civil society. Even though this book has some weaknesses like failure to consider other factors that may have caused mental breakdown in soldiers coming back from Vietnam, it has strong points as explained. Conclusion On Killing expounds on the fact that human beings have a natural inhibition to kill fellow human beings. This is true from what Grossman tackles in this text. This inhibition was responsible for the many soldiers who pretended to shoot in the Civil War while in reality they were not shooting. It also accounts for the great number of soldiers who reportedly did not kill a single person in the World War II. However, training through desensitization whereby human silhouettes are used boot camp s helps to overcome this inhibition to kill. This is supported by the fact that there was an upsurge in shootings during the Vietnam War compared to World War II. This does not mean that people have changed; no, training has changed them. Nevertheless, Grossman points out that, this training comes with its psychological costs for even to date the people who came back home fro Vietnam are haunted by what happened through what he calls, PSTD. On the other side, video games, Hollywood and violent TV are sowing seeds of killing instincts in society. Many teenagers are undergoing desensitization slowly by slowly creating violent society. The authorities and society will have to pay this price by training people to kill, either in boot camps or in TVs and Hollywood. Grossman, Dave. â€Å"On Killing the Psychological Cost of Learning to Kill In War and Society.† New York: Little, Brown and Company, 1995.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Management 2 (protective security) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Management 2 (protective security) - Essay Example Efficiency has been defined as measure of productivity or operational excellence concerned with operational margins improvement and cost minimization. Effectiveness on the other hand is associated with the business’s ability to identify and embrace opportunities of business via exchange relationships. As a result effectiveness is concerned with a company’s plan to develop a growth that is sustainable within its market (Stefanos, 2007). My organization has invested heavily and made tremendous efforts in balancing these two critical aspects of operations management all in an effort to increase the market share and maintain competitive advantage. The objectives of my organization are essentially to increase the market share and decrease the overall costs of running the organization. The target is to increase our market share from the current 15% to 20% within a period of two years. Another target is to introduce certain changes within the organization such that the overall costs would reduce by 5% within a period of one year. These changes include reducing field managers by 50% and employ more Close protection officers with advanced qualification. The organization had an objective of increasing its market share. The company embarked on a market wide research effort to identify client needs that were not being met. The organization realized that many business entities with huge capital bases required specialized protection service from the protective security firms. This service required CPO’s with a special kind of skill set which many security companies lacked. This created a need for the company to hire more CPO’s with the necessary skill set resulting in increased operational cost. After a thorough cost and benefits analysis, the company decided it would be more profitable to hire five specialized CPO’s to meet this need while at

Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour from the Indian Firms Essay

Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour from the Indian Firms Perspective - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that consumer behavior processes start  in the mind of the consumer when he/she tries to look for alternatives that suit  his/her needs, in addition to, to the consideration of other relative advantages of a product or service such as cost savings and superior quality. The process goes to the next stage that involves internal and external research concerning a product or service to be purchased. That notwithstanding, there is the post-purchase stage, which is critical since it is the one that determines whether or not the consumers were satisfied, and thus, largely influences their future behavior to consume or not to consume a product or service. Businesses tend to focus more on the post-purchase stage as it determines whether their products have been successful or not. Essentially, it is at this phase that the performance of a good or service is ascertained. In some instances, the people who make purchases are not the actual consumers o f the products; thus, advertisers need to understand the roles of users in order to efficiently place their advertisements in a formidable manner to attract consumers. India is a demographically vast country with a rich cultural diversity. The Hindu culture is, however, segmented based on the geographical dispersion of the nation. For instance, the cultural practices in Northern India are not similar to those in Southern or Western India. Culture is a complex term, which encompasses tradition, cultural beliefs, morals, as well as general knowledge of a particular society. It is the culture that identifies or distinguishes people from different backgrounds since they will have various thoughts and beliefs concerning contemporary issues.